In order to solve this problem you need to change the SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES parameter in the sqlnet.ora file.
The sqlnet.ora file is usually located in the C:\oracle\ora92\network\admin\sqlnet.ora folder and the value of the SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES authentication parameter needs to be set to NONE (the default value is usually NTS).
After this change, the line in the sqlnet.ora file should look similar to the line shown below:
SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NONE)
After saving this file, the Oracle client should be able to connect to the database.